Advances in neutrophil extracellular traps in bronchopulmonary dysplasia / 国际儿科学杂志

Due to the development of neonatal intensive care, the survival rate of very preterm infants and very low birth weight infants has been significantly improved, and the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has been obviously increasing year by year.The pathogenesis of BPD has not been clear, it is considered that inflammation is an important link in the occurrence and development of BPD at present.Neutrophils can use their neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to capture and kill pathogens and reduce inflammation, but excessive formation of NETs is easy to induce inflammatory imbalance, so as to damage normal cells or tissues and participate in the pathophysiological process of BPD.This paper reviews the structure, formation, function and regulatory role of NETs in BPD, and the targeted treatment strategies and potential research directions of NETs in BPD.

Bilateral triceps tendon approach is flexible and efficient in the treatment of type C distal humerus fractures / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#The purpose of this study was to assess and compare elbow range of motion, triceps extension strength and functional results of type C (AO/OTA) distal humerus fractures treated with bilateral triceps tendon (BTT) approach and olecranon osteotomy (OO). At the same time, we are also trying to know whether BTT approach can provide sufficient vision for comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal humerus, and whether it is convenient to convert to the treatment to total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) or OO.@*METHODS@#Patients treated with OO and BTT approaches for type C distal humerus fractures between July 2014 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria include: (1) patients' age were more than 18 years old, (2) follow-up was no less than 6 months, and (3) patients were diagnosed with type C fractures (based on the AO/OTA classification). Exclusion criteria include: (1) open fractures (Gustillo type 2 or type 3), (2) treated by other approaches, and (3) presented with combined injuries of ipsilateral upper extremities, such as ulnar nerve. Elbow range of motion and triceps extension strength testing were completely valuated, when the fractures had healed. Assessment of functional results using the Mayo elbow performance score and complications were conducted in final follow-up. The data were compared using the two tailed Student's t-test. All data were presented as mean ± standard deviation.@*RESULTS@#Eighty-six patients of type C distal humerus fractures, treated by OO and BTT approach were retrospectively reviewed between July 2014 and December 2017. Fifty-five distal humerus fractures (23 males and 32 females, mean age 52.7 years) treated by BTT approach or OO were included in this study. There were 10 fractures of type C1, 16 type C2 and 29 type C3 according to the AO/OTA classification. Patients were divided into two surgical approach groups chosen by the operators: BTT group (28 patients) and OO group (27 patients). And the mean follow-up time of all patients was 15.6 months (range, 6-36 months). Three cases in BTT group were converted to TEA, and one converted to OO. Only one case in BTT group presented poor articular reduction with a step more than 2 mm. There were not significantly different in functional outcomes according to the Mayo elbow performance score, operation time and extension flexion motion are values between BTT group and OO group (p > 0.05). Complications and reoperation rate were also similar in the two groups. Triceps manual muscle testing were no significant difference in the two groups, even subdivided in elder patients (aged >60 years old).@*CONCLUSION@#BTT is a safe approach to achieve similar functional result comparing with OO. BTT were not suitable for every case with severe comminuted pattern, but it avoids the potential complications related to OO, and has no complications concerning with triceps tendon. It is convenient for open reduction internal fixation and flexible to be converted to OO, as well as available to be converted to TEA in elder patients.

Epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, 2012-2021 / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture from 2012 to 2021, and to provide reference for formulating relevant prevention and control measures. Methods　The data of public health emergencies reported in Xishuangbanna from 2012 to 2021 were collected and analyzed through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Results A total of 78 public health emergencies (including "Unrated" events) were reported in Xishuangbanna from 2012 to 2021. The highest 21 cases and the lowest 3 cases were reported every year. A total of 1 0374 cases were reported in 78 public health emergencies, involving a population of 1 703 049, with a morbidity of 609.14/100 000, 24 deaths, mortality of 1.41/100 000 and fatality rate of 231.35/100 000. The event level was mainly "general (level Ⅳ)" with 52 incidents, accounting for 66.67%, and 17 incidents of "major (level Ⅲ)", accounting for 21.79%. 51 cases were mainly infectious diseases, accounting for 65.39%. The peak periods for incidents were May-July and November-February of the next year; there were 39 incidents in schools, accounting for 50%, followed by 20 incidents in families, accounting for 25.64%. The top three reported cases were food poisoning (32.05%), chicken pox 17 (21.79%) and dengue fever 10 (12.82%). Among the 24 deaths in public health emergencies, 22 were caused by food poisoning. Wild bacteria poisoning and alcohol poisoning were the main causes of food poisoning, accounting for 45.83% and 37.5% of the total deaths, respectively. Conclusion Infectious diseases, especially respiratory diseases and food poisoning are the focus of the prevention and control of public health emergencies in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, of which Schools and families should be pay close attention. Plague, a Class A infectious disease, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis has occurred in two inter-animal outbreaks in 10 years and spread to the population, which should be of great concern.

Visual Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus using Combined CRISPR/Cas12a and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#To establish an ultra-sensitive, ultra-fast, visible detection method for Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) .@*Methods@#We established a new method for detecting the tdh and trh genes of VP using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 12a (CRISPR/Cas12a) combined with recombinase polymerase amplification and visual detection (CRISPR/Cas12a-VD).@*Results@#CRISPR/Cas12a-VD accurately detected target DNA at concentrations as low as 10 -18 M (single molecule detection) within 30 min without cross-reactivity against other bacteria. When detecting pure cultures of VP, the consistency of results reached 100% compared with real-time PCR. The method accurately analysed pure cultures and spiked shrimp samples at concentrations as low as 10 2 CFU/g.@*Conclusion@#The novel CRISPR/Cas12a-VD method for detecting VP performed better than traditional detection methods, such as real-time PCR, and has great potential for preventing the spread of pathogens.

The Effect and Mechanism of Novel Telomerase Inhibitor Nilo 22 on Leukemia Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the cytotoxic effect and its mechanism of the micromolecule compound on the leukemia cells.@*METHODS@#The cytotoxic effects of 28 Nilotinib derivatives on K562, KA, KG, HA and 32D cell lines were detected by MTT assays, and the compound Nilo 22 was screen out. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle on leukemia cells were detected by flow cytometry. The effect of compound screened out on leukemogenesis potential of MLL-AF9 leukemia mice GFP@*RESULTS@#Nilo 22 serves as the most outstanding candidate out of 28 Nilotinib derivatives, which impairs leukemia cell lines, but spares normal hematopoietic cell line. Comparing with Nilotinib, Nilo 22 could induce the apoptosis of GFP@*CONCLUSION@#Nilo 22 shows a significant cytotoxic effect on mice and human leukemia cells, especially for drug resistance cells. Nilo 22 is a promising anti-leukemia agent to solve the common clinical problems of drug resistance and relapse of leukemia.

Study on the biomechanical analysis and influencing factors study for the treatment of humeral epicondylitis by Bachuorounian manipulation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To quantitatively study the biomechanical parameters of Bachuorounian manipulation in the treatment of humeral epicondylitis, and discuss the effects of individual characteristics on the biomechanical parameters were discussed.@*METHODS@#From July 2019 to February 2020, 40 patients with external humeral epicondylitis were selected, including 18 males and 22 females, ranging in age from 20 to 50 years old, with an average of (34.37±8.41) years old;and the course of disease ranged from 1 to 11 months, with a mean of (6.05±2.71) months. The biomechanical parameters of the elbow joint of the affected side were measured by using the biomechanical sensor. At thesame time, the individual characteristic parameters of patients were collected to analyze the influence of different individual characteristics of patients on biomechanical parameters.@*RESULTS@#The results of mechanical analysis in each stage of the bachuorounian manipulation were as follows:the rolling back rotation force was (31.17±2.99) N;the buckling bending drawing force was (44.99±2.38) N;the rolling pre rotation force was (31.03±2.75) N;and stretching drawing force was (48.75±2.09) N. The correlation analysis between the parameters showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the buckling bending drawing force and the stretching drawing force parameters, and a significant positive correlation between the rolling force back-rotation force and the rolling pre-rotation force parameters. The multivariate linear regression analysis on the parameters of influencing factors and manipulative biomechanics showed that there was a significant correlation between body weight and rolling back-rotation force, significant correlation between elbow tenderness and the buckling bending drawing force, and significant correlation between disease duration and the stretching drawing force.@*CONCLUSION@#The bachuorounian manipulation of humeral epicondylitis has a certain range of operating force. Manipulation of each stage has a correlation and systematic. The patient's weight, elbow tenderness and disease course are important factors affecting the bachuorounian manipulation.

Chronic sleep deprivation exacerbates cognitive and pathological impairments in APP/PS1/tau triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease model mice / 生理学报

Sleep exerts important functions in the regulation of cognition and emotion. Recent studies have found that sleep disorder is one of the important risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the effects of chronic sleep deprivation on the cognitive functions of AD model mice and its possible mechanism are still unclear. In the present study, 8-month-old male APP/PS1/tau triple transgenic AD model (3xTg-AD) mice and wild type (WT) mice (n = 8 for each group) were subjected to chronic sleep deprivation by using the modified multiple platform method, with 20 h of sleep deprivation each day for 21 days. Then, open field test, elevated plus maze test, sugar water preference test, object recognition test, Y maze test and conditioned fear memory test were performed to evaluate anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, and multiple cognitive functions. In addition, the immunohistochemistry technique was used to observe pathological characteristics in the hippocampus of mice. The results showed that: (1) Chronic sleep deprivation did not affect anxiety- (P = 0.539) and depression-like behaviors (P = 0.874) in 3xTg-AD mice; (2) Chronic sleep deprivation exacerbated the impairments of object recognition memory (P < 0.001), working memory (P = 0.002) and the conditioned fear memory (P = 0.039) in 3xTg-AD mice; (3) Chronic sleep deprivation increased amyloid β (Aβ) deposition (P < 0.001) and microglial activation (P < 0.001) in the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mice, without inducing abnormal tau phosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangles. These results indicate that chronic sleep deprivation exacerbates the impairments of recognition memory, working memory and conditioned fear memory in 3xTg-AD mice by aggravating Aβ deposition and the excessive activation of microglia in the hippocampus.

Malnutrition in Relation with Dietary, Geographical, and Socioeconomic Factors among Older Chinese / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#Nutrition is closely related to the health of the elderly population. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive picture of the nutrition status of elderly Chinese and its related dietary, geographical, and socioeconomic factors.@*Methods@#A total of 13,987 ≥ 60-year-old persons from the 2010-2013 Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey were included to evaluate various aspects of malnutrition, including underweight, overweight or obesity, and micronutrient inadequacy.@*Results@#Overall, the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and underweight was 12.4%, 34.8%, and 5.7%, respectively, with disparities both geographically and socioeconomically. The prevalence of underweight was higher among the older old (≥ 75 years), rural residents and those with low income, with low education status, and residing in undeveloped West areas. More than 75% of the elderly do not meet the Dietary Reference Intakes for vitamins A, B @*Conclusions@#Obesity epidemic, inadequacy of micronutrient intake, and high prevalence of underweight and anemia in susceptible older people are the major nutrition challenges for the rapidly aging population in China.

Value of amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram combined with quantitative indices of cranial magnetic resonance imaging in predicting short-term neurodevelopment in moderately and late preterm infants: a prospective study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the association of amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) and the quantitative indices biparietal width (BPW) and interhemispheric distance (IHD) of cranial magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) with short-term neurodevelopment in moderately and late preterm infants.@*METHODS@#A total of 104 moderately and late preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit from September 2018 to April 2020 were selected as the subjects for this prospective study. The Naqeeb method and sleep-wake cycling (SWC) were used for aEEG assessment within 72 hours after birth. cMRI was performed at the corrected gestational age of 37 weeks. BPW and IHD were measured at the T2 coronal position. At the corrected age of 6 months, the Developmental Screening Test for Child Under Six (DST) was used to follow up neurodevelopment. According to developmental quotient (DQ), the infants were divided into a normal DST group (78 infants with DQ≥85) and an abnormal DST group (26 infants with DQ<85). Related indices were compared between the two groups. The association between aEEG and cMRI was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the normal DST group, the abnormal DST group had significantly lower aEEG normal rate and SWC maturation rate (@*CONCLUSIONS@#For moderately and late preterm infants, aEEG within 72 hours after birth and the quantitative indices BPW and IHD of cMRI at the corrected gestational age of 37 weeks may affect their neurodevelopmental outcome at the corrected age of 6 months.

Evaluation genotoxicity of acetylnerolin based on quantitative structure-activity relationship model and in vitro tests / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the genotoxicity of naproxen (NPX) impurities acetylnerolin (Ace). METHODS The genotoxicity of Ace was predicted by ADMET, Derek and Sarah with the quanti?tative structure-activity relationship (QSAR). The chromosomal aberration and bacterial reverse-muta?tion (Ames) tests were performed to verify the above results. In chromosomal aberration tests, CHL cells were incubated with Ace 10, 20 and 40 mg · L-1 for 4 h in the presence or absence of metabolic activation system solution (S9 mix). Methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) 20 mL · L-1 without S9 mix and cyclophosphamide (CP) 12 mg · L-1 with S9 mix served as positive control. The number of chromo?somes in each aberrant metaphase (including fissure, exchange, ring, break and polyploid) was counted and recorded, when the distortion rate less than 5％was considered negative and more than 10％was considered positive. In Ames test, the potential mutagenicity was evaluated using five strains of S. typhimurium ( TA97,TA98,TA100,TA102 and TA1535). They were treated with Ace 5, 25, 125 and 625μg per plate with or without S9 mix and incubated for 48-72 h. When without S9 mix, Dexon 50μg per plate served as positive control for TA97 and TA98, MMS 2.0μL per plate served as positive control for TA100 and TA102, and sodium azide 1.5μg per plate served as positive control for TA1535. When with S9 mix, 2-AF 100 μg per plate served as positive control for TA97, TA98 and TA100, 1, 8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (100μg per plate) served as positive control for TA102 and CP 50μg per plate served as positive control for TA1525. When the number of colonies was at least two-fold that of the negative control, the compound was considered mutagenic. RESULTS Although the Derek and Sarah software predicted that the NPX impurities were not genotoxic, ADMET data showed that Ace could induce chromosomal aberrations. The distortion rate of Ace 40 mg · L-1 was greater than 5％, but less than 10％. The distortion rate of Ace was less than 5％when<20 mg·L-1. Consistent with the results of ADMET, Ace might induce chromosomal aberrations. Ames test results showed that Ace did not signifi?cantly increase the number of bacteria (5-625μg per plate) compared with the negative control. Contrary to the ADMET results, Ace had no mutagenicity. CONCLUSION Ace has potential chromosomal muta?genicity. For life-long usage of NPX, the content of Ace should be reduced from 0.15％of conventional impurities to 0.015％.

Effect of Shenwu Yishenpian on Renal Interstitial Fibrosis and Micro-inflammatory State in Chronic Kidney Disease 4-5 Stage / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To discuss the efficacy and safety of Shenwu Yishenpian on stage 4-5 chronic kidney disease-nondialysis （CKD） with deficiency of spleen and kidney Qi， and the effect on renal interstitial fibrosis （RIF） and microinflammation. Method:One hundred and twenty patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group. A total of 58 patients in control group completed the treatment （including 2 patients falling off or lost）. And 58 patients in observation group completed the treatment （including 1 patient was falling off or lost visit， and 1 eliminated）. Both groups got comprehensive treatment of western medicine. Patients in control group got simulated medicine of Shenwu Yishenpian， 4 pieces/time， 3 times/day. Patients in observation group got Shenwu Yishenpian， 4 pieces/time， 3 times/day. The treatment lasted for 6 months until the renal replacement therapy， and the 6-month follow-up was recorded. For every month， blood creatinine （SCr） was detected， and glomerular filtration rate （eGFR） were calculated. The 12-month renal replacement （dialysis or kidney transplantation）， progress （CKD4 to CKD5） and mitigation （CKD5 to CKD4 or CKD4 to CKD3） were recorded. Before and after treatment， levels of urea nitrogen （BUN）， hemoglobin （HB）， plasma albumin （ALB）， urine protein quantity （24 hUp） and blood uric acid （UA） levels were detected， deficiency of spleen kidney Qi was scored， and transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）， connective tissue growth factor （CTGF）， serum Klotho， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-1 （Lkn-1） and interleukin-12 （IL-12） were detected. And the safety was evaluated. Result:At the 3th and 6th after treatment， SCr in two groups increased （P<0.01）， while eGFR decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with control group， SCr was less than that in control group （P<0.01）， whereas eGFR was higher than that in control group （P<0.01）. During 12 months of observation， the reduction rate of CKD was 13.79% （8/58）， which was higher than 1.72% （1/58） in control group. The progress rate of CKD was 11.43% （4/35）， which was lower than 31.58% （12/38） in control group （P<0.05）. Levels of BUN， 24 hUp and UA were lower than those in control group （P<0.01）， while levels of Hb and ALB were higher than those in control group （P<0.01）. Effect in observation group was better than that in control group （Z=2.051， P<0.05）. And levels of TGF-β1， CTGF， TNF-α， IL-6， Lkn-1 and IL-12 were lower than those in control group （P<0.01）， and level of Klotho was higher than that in control group （P<0.01）. There was no adverse reaction relating to Shenwu Yishen Pian. Conclusion:Shenwu Yishenpian can delay the progress of renal function and CKD， reverse the progress of renal function in some patients， reduce the risk factors of disease progress， reduce the state of micro inflammation and resist RIF， and protect or improve renal function. Its clinical effect is better than placebo， and it is safe to use.

Practice of muti-disciplinary team in thyroid cancer treatment / 中国实用内科杂志

The incidence of thyroid cancer in China is increasing. The treatment methods are considerably arbitrary and non-normative in the cancer treatment process, resulting in high proportion of over-treatment in benign thyroid nodules. Multiple-disciplinary(MDT)team has become a standard mode and direction of cancer therapy. Shanghai Thyroid Research Center was founded to improve MDT mode in thyroid disease treatment. This article summarized the practice experiences of our clinical process, and provide reference for the promotion of the MDT mode and standard treatment.

Inactivation of Poliovirus by Ozone and the Impact of Ozone on the Viral Genome / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mechanisms underlying ozone-induced inactivation of poliovirus type 1 (PV1).@*METHODS@#We used cell culture, long-overlapping RT-PCR, and spot hybridization assays to verify and accurately locate the sites of action of ozone that cause PV1 inactivation. We also employed recombinant viral genome RNA infection models to confirm our observations.@*RESULTS@#Our results indicated that ozone inactivated PV1 primarily by disrupting the 5'-non-coding region (5'-NCR) of the PV1 genome. Further study revealed that ozone specifically damaged the 80-124 nucleotide (nt) region in the 5'-NCR. Recombinant viral genome RNA infection models confirmed that PV1 lacking this region was non-infectious.@*CONCLUSION@#In this study, we not only elucidated the mechanisms by which ozone induces PV1 inactivation but also determined that the 80-124 nt region in the 5'-NCR is targeted by ozone to achieve this inactivation.

Effects of concentrated growth factors on relieving postoperative reaction of guided bone regeneration in the esthetic zone / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of concentrated growth factors (CGF) on postoperative pain and swelling in patients with complex dental implants.@*METHODS@#A total of 28 patients with single maxillary anterior teeth loss and labial orbital bone defect were recruited randomly and divided into two groups. Each group included 14 patients. The experimental group was applied with CGF membrane to guide bone regeneration, whereas the control group was treated with collagen membrane to guide bone regeneration. The postoperative pain degree and swelling degree were compared, and data were analyzed with SPSS 23.0 software. Postoperative pain was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS), and the degree of swelling was divided into four grades according to swelling range.@*RESULTS@#VAS scores of patients in experimental and control groups reached 35.1±22.5 and 47.0±20.3, respectively. The duration of postoperative pain in experimental and control groups totaled (2.1±1.5) and (2.8±1.0) days, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups (P>0.05). Percentages of non-swelling, mild swelling, moderate swelling, and severe swelling in experimental group reached 21.4%, 57.1%, 21.4%, and 0, respectively, and those in control group were 7.1%, 35.7%, 35.7%, and 21.4%. Swelling duration reached (2.4±1.4) and (4.2±2.2) days in the experimental and control groups, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed in the swelling degree of experimental and control groups (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The use of CGF can significantly reduce the degree of postoperative swelling and shorten swelling time but cause no significant effect on pain.

Effect of Different Antisepsis Measures on Endogenous Metabolites in Rat Urine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:In the study of urine metabolomics of rats,necessary antiseptic measures should be taken for collection of urine samples,the effect of several antiseptic measures on the endogenous metabolites in urine was studied. Method:The urine samples of rats were collected on ice,sodium azide was added,and both of them were used together to prevent corrosion.Differences of antiseptic measures were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. Result:The results of NMR metabolomics showed that sodium azide+ice group and ice group had many overlaps,but they clearly separated with the control group and sodium azide group;sodium azide group and the control group had a small part overlap,but there was a tendency of separation.The antiseptic effect of sodium azide+ice group and ice group was similar;compared with control group,valine,betaine and hippuricacid in these two groups increased,but the alanine and 2-ketoglutaric acid decreased. Conclusion:In the study of rat urine metabolomics,low temperature antiseptic measures must be taken when urine samples are collected,and the addition of sodium azide can improve the antiseptic effect slightly under protective conditions.

Finite element analysis of bending and standing manipulation in the treatment of lumbosacral joint disorder / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the displacement, stress and mechanism of lumbosacral joint disorder patients after bending and standing manipulation in the finite element model.@*METHODS@#A three-dimensional finite element model of a patient with lumbosacral joint disorder was established. The finite element analysis method was used to observe and analyze the three loading conditions of the model:axial, 34 degree inclined upward and vertical upward.@*RESULTS@#In the lumbosacral joint disorder model, the L₅ vertebral body was concentrated in the middle of the lower endplate, the intervertebral disc was concentrated in the center of the intervertebral disc, and the stress of S₁ and related structures were concentrated in the anterior and posterior edges of the vertebral body. After simulated manipulation, stress mainly concentrated in the anterior, posterior and central circular areas of L₅ vertebral upper endplate. The posterior structures of vertebral body concentrated in the ventral part of pedicle, isthmus and dorsal part of lamina. The stress of intervertebral disc dispersed in the posterior edge of vertebral body. Displacement results:In the lumbosacral joint disorder model, the left transverse process, the upper and lower articular process and the left part of spinous process were significantly displaced to the left, and the intervertebral disc was protruded forward. After simulated manipulation, the lower notch of L₅ vertebral body moved forward and upward; the area of intervertebral foramen increased; the inferior articular process of L₅ vertebral body moved forward; the superior articular process of sacrum moved forward and downward; the distance of articular process joints increased; and the displacement of sacrum concentrated on the posterior edge of vertebral body and the median sacral crest.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Successful lumbosacral joint modeling can be carried out by finite element analysis, and the mechanism of bending and erecting manipulation is clear, which is effective and safe for the treatment of lumbosacral joint disorders.

Research Progress in Synaptic Plasticity Impairment of Diabetic Encephalopathy / 中国药学杂志

Previous studies demonstrate that diabetes mellitus induces cognitive impairment,leading to diabetic encephalopathy(DE), which is closely related with hippocampal synaptic plasticity impairment,including synaptic structural and functional damage. Structural damage mainly embodied in the synapse degeneration.Functional damage mainly reflects in the LTP damage, including the composition variation and functional lesions of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors(NMDARs), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors (AMPARs) and patassium channels.Abnormal synaptic plasticity may be critical in the pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy. In this review, we summarized the relationship between DE and synaptic plasticity impairment.

Study on the transfer mechanism and destructive law of the bacterial antibiotic resistance genes disinfected by chlorination / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To study the response of Escherichia coli (E. coli) HB101 (plasmid pUC19) and its carried antibiotic resistance genes to the process of cholorination under different environmental conditions.@*Methods@#The E. coli strain was reacted with sodium hypochlorite at the concentration of 0.5, 0.75, 1.00, and 0.55 mg/L, then the residual chlorine and the colonies were detected at the 0.25, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min of the reaction, respectively. The first order disinfection kinetic model and EFH model were used to evaluate the inactivation effect of E. coli (plasmid pUC19) treated by sodium hypochlorite, while the plasmid pUC19 and antibiotic resistance gene ampr were detected by PCR method. Besides, the logarithm of Ct (residual chlorine in t) under different concentration were calculated.@*Results@#The temperature and pH value played important roles on the inactivation of E. coli and elimination of plasmid pUC19 and ampr under the function of sodium hypochlorite. The Ct value needed for 5-log of E.coli HB101(pUC19) inactivation at 4, 20, 36 ℃ was 11.92, 10.28, 7.67, respectively, and when the pH was in 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, with chloride concentration were 0.75, 0.70, 0.55 mg/L, the Ct value needed for reached to 6.68, 10.28, 15.73 min·mg/L. At pH 7.2 condition, when the temperature was 4, 20, 36 ℃, and chloride concentration were 9, 5, 3 mg/L.The required Ct values to completely destroy the transformation function of free antibiotic resistant plasmids were 36.11, 34.17,16.09 min·mg/L. Sodium hypochlorite disinfection can release free ampr gene and even the transformed plasmid pUC19, and pollute the water body. Only when the Ct value reached 903.03 min·mg/L, the complete ampr gene can be destroyed which was far more exceed the bacterial lethal Ct value.@*Conclusion@#Even if all the antibiotic resistant bacteria were inactivated, the antibiotic resistant plasmids or genes might still maintain complete with the transformable function, which may result in new potential risks of waterborne diseases.

Resveratrol inhibits the expression of typeⅠ and type Ⅲ collagen induced by AngⅡ in cardiac fibroblasts through regulating the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on hypertension-related myocardial fibrosis and the key role of TNF-β/Smads signaling pathway in the anti-fibrosis of resveratrol.Methods The expression of vimentin in the primary rat CFs was evaluated by immunofluorescence to determine the cell type.CFs were treated in different conditions,the mRNA expression levels of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen and TGF-β1 were detected by Real-time PCR;the protein expression levels of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen,TGF-β1 ,Smad-3 and P-Smad-3 were detected by Western blot.The secretion levels of type Ⅰ collagen and TGF-β1 in CFs supernatant were measured by ELISA assay.Results Rat CFs were successfully extracted,and vimentin expression was obvious. Real-time PCR results indicated that the gene expression levels of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ and TGF-β1 in CFs by exposure to AngⅡ were significantly increased as compared with those in normal group (P＜0.05).However,AngⅡ-induced collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ and TGF-β1 mRNA upregulation was inhibited by Res treatment (P＜0.05).Western blot analysis showed that the protein expressions of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ and TGF-β1 in CFs were also increased after exposed to AngⅡ when compared to the normal controls (P＜0.05).Similarly,AngⅡ-mediated collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲand TGF-β1 upregulation was prevented by Res treatment (P＜0.05).In addition,the phosphorylation level of Smad-3 was enhanced by both interventions (P＜0.05).However,AngⅡ stimulated TGF-β1 upregulation while Smad-3 phosphorylation was suppressed by Res treatment (P＜0.05).The secretion levels of collagen Ⅰ and TGF-β1 in CFs supernatant increased significantly in CFs exposed to AngⅡ condition as compared with those in normal condition (P＜0.05).However,AngⅡ increased collagen Ⅰ and TGF-β1 secretion was prevented by Res intervention (P＜0.05).Conclusion Resveratrol inhibits the expressions of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen induced by AngⅡ in cardiac fibroblasts through regulating the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.